Non-independent unlicensed band-based positioning method and device in nr v2x

ABSTRACT

An operating method of a first device (100) in a wireless communication system is presented. The method may comprise the steps of: receiving, from a second device (200), through a first band, a positioning request including at least one candidate band and information related to positioning; determining, from the at least one candidate band, a second band on the basis of the number of devices present in each candidate band and a value related to the communication range based on the first device (100); transmitting, to the second device (200), through the first band, a positioning response including information related to the determined second band; and transmitting, to the second device (200), through the second band, a first positioning reference signal (PRS) on the basis of the information related to positioning.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE Field of the Disclosure

This disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

Related Art

Sidelink (SL) communication is a communication scheme in which a directlink is established between User Equipments (UEs) and the UEs exchangevoice and data directly with each other without intervention of anevolved Node B (eNB). SL communication is under consideration as asolution to the overhead of an eNB caused by rapidly increasing datatraffic.

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) refers to a communication technology throughwhich a vehicle exchanges information with another vehicle, apedestrian, an object having an infrastructure (or infra) establishedtherein, and so on. The V2X may be divided into 4 types, such asvehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I),vehicle-to-network (V2N), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P). The V2Xcommunication may be provided via a PC5 interface and/or Uu interface.

Meanwhile, as a wider range of communication devices require largercommunication capacities, the need for mobile broadband communicationthat is more enhanced than the existing Radio Access Technology (RAT) isrising. Accordingly, discussions are made on services and user equipment(UE) that are sensitive to reliability and latency. And, a nextgeneration radio access technology that is based on the enhanced mobilebroadband communication, massive Machine Type Communication (MTC),Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC), and so on, may bereferred to as a new radio access technology (RAT) or new radio (NR).Herein, the NR may also support vehicle-to-everything (V2X)communication.

FIG. 1 is a drawing for describing V2X communication based on NR,compared to V2X communication based on RAT used before NR. Theembodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

Regarding V2X communication, a scheme of providing a safety service,based on a V2X message such as Basic Safety Message (BSM), CooperativeAwareness Message (CAM), and Decentralized Environmental NotificationMessage (DENM) is focused in the discussion on the RAT used before theNR. The V2X message may include position information, dynamicinformation, attribute information, or the like. For example, a UE maytransmit a periodic message type CAM and/or an event triggered messagetype DENM to another UE.

For example, a CAM may include basic vehicle information such as vehicledynamic state information such as direction and speed, vehicle staticdata such as dimensions, external lighting conditions, and routedetails. For example, a UE may broadcast a CAM, and CAM latency may beless than 100 ms. For example, when an unexpected situation such as abreakdown of a vehicle or an accident occurs, a UE may generate a DENMand transmit it to another UE. For example, all vehicles within thetransmission range of a UE may receive a CAM and/or a DENM. In thiscase, a DENM may have a higher priority than a CAM.

Thereafter, regarding V2X communication, various V2X scenarios areproposed in NR. For example, the various V2X scenarios may includevehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, remote driving,or the like.

For example, based on vehicle platooning, vehicles can be dynamicallygrouped and moved together. For example, to perform platoon operationsbased on vehicle platooning, vehicles belonging to a group may receiveperiodic data from a leading vehicle. For example, the vehiclesbelonging to the group may reduce or widen the distance between thevehicles by using periodic data.

For example, based on improved driving, a vehicle can be semi-automatedor fully automated. For example, each vehicle may adjust trajectories ormaneuvers based on data obtained from local sensors of the proximatevehicle and/or proximate logical entity. Also, for example, each vehiclemay share driving intention with adjacent vehicles.

For example, based on an extended sensors, raw data or processed data,or live video data obtained through local sensors, may be interchangedbetween vehicles, logical entities, pedestrian terminals and/or V2Xapplication servers. For example, a vehicle may recognize an environmentthat is improved compared to an environment that can be detected usingits own sensor.

F or example, based on remote driving, for a person who cannot drive ora remote vehicle located in a dangerous environment, a remote driver orV2X application may operate or control the remote vehicle. For example,when a route can be predicted, such as in public transportation, cloudcomputing-based driving may be used to operate or control the remotevehicle. Also, for example, access to a cloud-based back-end serviceplatform may be considered for remote driving.

Meanwhile, a method of specifying service requirements for various V2Xscenarios such as vehicle platooning, enhanced driving, extendedsensors, and remote driving is being discussed in NR-based V2Xcommunication.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE Technical Solutions

According to an embodiment, a method of operating a first device 100 ina wireless communication system is proposed. The method may comprise:receiving a positioning request, from a second device 200, includinginformation related to positioning and at least one candidate band,through a first band; determining a second band among the at least onecandidate band, based on a value related to a communication rangecentered on the first device 100 and a number of devices present in eachcandidate band; transmitting a positioning response, to the seconddevice 200, including information related to the determined second band,through the first band; and transmitting a first positioning referencesignal (PRS), to the second device 200, through the second band based onthe information related to the positioning.

Effects of the Disclosure

The user equipment (UE) can efficiently perform SL communication.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a drawing for describing V2X communication based on NR,compared to V2X communication based on RAT used before NR.

FIG. 2 shows a structure of an NR system, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 3 shows a radio protocol architecture, based on an embodiment ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 4 shows a structure of a radio frame of an NR, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 shows a structure of a slot of an NR frame, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a BWP, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 7 shows a UE performing V2X or SL communication, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 shows a procedure of performing V2X or SL communication by a UEbased on a transmission mode, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 9 shows three cast types, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 10 shows an example of an architecture in a 5G system in whichpositioning for a UE connected to a Next Generation-Radio Access Network(NG-RAN) or E-UTRAN is possible, according to an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 11 shows an implementation example of a network for measuring aposition of a UE, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 shows an example of a protocol layer used to support LTEPositioning Protocol (LPP) message transmission between an LMF and a UE,according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 shows an example of a protocol layer used to support NRPositioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transmission between an LMF and anNG-RAN node, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 shows an Observed Time Difference Of Arrival (OTDOA) positioningmethod according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 shows a procedure in which a UE performs positioning accordingto an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16 shows a procedure in which a first device performs wirelesscommunication.

FIG. 17 shows a procedure in which a second device performs wirelesscommunication.

FIG. 18 shows a communication system 1, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 19 shows wireless devices, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 20 shows a signal process circuit for a transmission signal, basedon an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 21 shows another example of a wireless device, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 22 shows a hand-held device, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 23 shows a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle, based on an embodimentof the present disclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

In the present specification, “A or B” may mean “only A”, “only B” or“both A and B.” In other words, in the present specification, “A or B”may be interpreted as “A and/or B”. For example, in the presentspecification, “A, B, or C” may mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or“any combination of A, B, C”.

A slash (/) or comma used in the present specification may mean“and/or”. For example, “A/B” may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B”may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. For example, “A, B, C”may mean “A, B, or C”.

In the present specification, “at least one of A and B” may mean “onlyA”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. In addition, in the presentspecification, the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least oneof A and/or B” may be interpreted as “at least one of A and B”.

In addition, in the present specification, “at least one of A, B, and C”may mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination of A, B, andC”. In addition, “at least one of A, B, or C” or “at least one of A, B,and/or C” may mean “at least one of A, B, and C”.

In addition, a parenthesis used in the present specification may mean“for example”. Specifically, when indicated as “control information(PDCCH)”, it may mean that “PDCCH” is proposed as an example of the“control information”. In other words, the “control information” of thepresent specification is not limited to “PDCCH”, and “PDCCH” may beproposed as an example of the “control information”. In addition, whenindicated as “control information (i.e., PDCCH)”, it may also mean that“PDCCH” is proposed as an example of the “control information”.

A technical feature described individually in one figure in the presentspecification may be individually implemented, or may be simultaneouslyimplemented.

The technology described below may be used in various wirelesscommunication systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA),frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access(TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), singlecarrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and so on. TheCDMA may be implemented with a radio technology, such as universalterrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA-2000. The TDMA may beimplemented with a radio technology, such as global system for mobilecommunications (GSM)/general packet ratio service (GPRS)/enhanced datarate for GSM evolution (EDGE). The OFDMA may be implemented with a radiotechnology, such as institute of electrical and electronics engineers(IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, evolved UTRA(E-UTRA), and so on. IEEE 802.16m is an evolved version of IEEE 802.16eand provides backward compatibility with a system based on the IEEE802.16e. The UTRA is part of a universal mobile telecommunication system(UMTS). 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution(LTE) is part of an evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using the E-UTRA. The 3GPP LTEuses the OFDMA in a downlink and uses the SC-FDMA in an uplink.LTE-advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of the LTE.

5G NR is a successive technology of LTE-A corresponding to a newClean-slate type mobile communication system having the characteristicsof high performance, low latency, high availability, and so on. 5G NRmay use resources of all spectrum available for usage including lowfrequency bands of less than 1 GHz, middle frequency bands ranging from1 GHz to 10 GHz, high frequency (millimeter waves) of 24 GHz or more,and so on.

For clarity in the description, the following description will mostlyfocus on LTE-A or 5G NR. However, technical features according to anembodiment of the present disclosure will not be limited only to this.

FIG. 2 shows a structure of an NR system, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 2 , a next generation-radio access network (NG-RAN)may include a BS 20 providing a UE 10 with a user plane and controlplane protocol termination. For example, the BS 20 may include a nextgeneration-Node B (gNB) and/or an evolved-NodeB (eNB). For example, theUE 10 may be fixed or mobile and may be referred to as other terms, suchas a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station(SS), a mobile terminal (MT), wireless device, and so on. For example,the BS may be referred to as a fixed station which communicates with theUE 10 and may be referred to as other terms, such as a base transceiversystem (BTS), an access point (AP), and so on.

The embodiment of FIG. 2 exemplifies a case where only the gNB isincluded. The BSs 20 may be connected to one another via Xn interface.The BS 20 may be connected to one another via 5th generation (5G) corenetwork (5GC) and NG interface. More specifically, the BSs 20 may beconnected to an access and mobility management function (AMF) 30 viaNG-C interface, and may be connected to a user plane function (UPF) 30via NG-U interface.

Layers of a radio interface protocol between the UE and the network canbe classified into a first layer (layer 1, L1), a second layer (layer 2,L2), and a third layer (layer 3, L3) based on the lower three layers ofthe open system interconnection (OSI) model that is well-known in thecommunication system. Among them, a physical (PHY) layer belonging tothe first layer provides an information transfer service by using aphysical channel, and a radio resource control (RRC) layer belonging tothe third layer serves to control a radio resource between the UE andthe network. For this, the RRC layer exchanges an RRC message betweenthe UE and the BS.

FIG. 3 shows a radio protocol architecture, based on an embodiment ofthe present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, (a) of FIG.3 shows a radio protocol stack of a user plane for Uu communication, and(b) of FIG. 3 shows a radio protocol stack of a control plane for Uucommunication. (c) of FIG. 3 shows a radio protocol stack of a userplane for SL communication, and (d) of FIG. 3 shows a radio protocolstack of a control plane for SL communication.

Referring to FIG. 3 , a physical layer provides an upper layer with aninformation transfer service through a physical channel. The physicallayer is connected to a medium access control (MAC) layer which is anupper layer of the physical layer through a transport channel. Data istransferred between the MAC layer and the physical layer through thetransport channel. The transport channel is classified according to howand with what characteristics data is transmitted through a radiointerface.

Between different physical layers, i.e., a physical layer of atransmitter and a physical layer of a receiver, data are transferredthrough the physical channel. The physical channel is modulated using anorthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and utilizestime and frequency as a radio resource.

The MAC layer provides services to a radio link control (RLC) layer,which is a higher layer of the MAC layer, via a logical channel. The MAClayer provides a function of mapping multiple logical channels tomultiple transport channels. The MAC layer also provides a function oflogical channel multiplexing by mapping multiple logical channels to asingle transport channel. The MAC layer provides data transfer servicesover logical channels.

The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly ofRadio Link Control Service Data Unit (RLC SDU). In order to ensurediverse quality of service (QoS) required by a radio bearer (RB), theRLC layer provides three types of operation modes, i.e., a transparentmode (TM), an unacknowledged mode (UM), and an acknowledged mode (AM).An AM RLC provides error correction through an automatic repeat request(ARQ).

A radio resource control (RRC) layer is defined only in the controlplane. The RRC layer serves to control the logical channel, thetransport channel, and the physical channel in association withconfiguration, reconfiguration and release of RBs. The RB is a logicalpath provided by the first layer (i.e., the physical layer or the PHYlayer) and the second layer (i.e., a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a packetdata convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, and a service data adaptationprotocol (SDAP) layer) for data delivery between the UE and the network.

Functions of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer in the userplane include user data delivery, header compression, and ciphering.Functions of a PDCP layer in the control plane include control-planedata delivery and ciphering/integrity protection.

A service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in auser plane. The SDAP layer performs mapping between a Quality of Service(QoS) flow and a data radio bearer (DRB) and QoS flow ID (QFI) markingin both DL and UL packets.

The configuration of the RB implies a process for specifying a radioprotocol layer and channel properties to provide a specific service andfor determining respective detailed parameters and operations. The RBcan be classified into two types, i.e., a signaling RB (SRB) and a dataRB (DRB). The SRB is used as a path for transmitting an RRC message inthe control plane. The DRB is used as a path for transmitting user datain the user plane.

When an RRC connection is established between an RRC layer of the UE andan RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the UE is in an RRC_CONNECTED state, and,otherwise, the UE may be in an RRC_IDLE state. In case of the NR, anRRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a UE being in theRRC_INACTIVE state may maintain its connection with a core networkwhereas its connection with the BS is released.

Data is transmitted from the network to the UE through a downlinktransport channel. Examples of the downlink transport channel include abroadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and adownlink-shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or controlmessages. Traffic of downlink multicast or broadcast services or thecontrol messages can be transmitted on the downlink-SCH or an additionaldownlink multicast channel (MCH). Data is transmitted from the UE to thenetwork through an uplink transport channel. Examples of the uplinktransport channel include a random access channel (RACH) fortransmitting an initial control message and an uplink SCH fortransmitting user traffic or control messages.

Examples of logical channels belonging to a higher channel of thetransport channel and mapped onto the transport channels include abroadcast channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a commoncontrol channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), a multicasttraffic channel (MTCH), etc.

FIG. 4 shows a structure of a radio frame of an NR, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 4 , in the NR, a radio frame may be used forperforming uplink and downlink transmission. A radio frame has a lengthof 10 ms and may be defined to be configured of two half-frames (HFs). Ahalf-frame may include five 1 ms subframes (SFs). A subframe (SF) may bedivided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within asubframe may be determined based on subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slotmay include 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).

In case of using a normal CP, each slot may include 14 symbols. In caseof using an extended CP, each slot may include 12 symbols. Herein, asymbol may include an OFDM symbol (or CP-OFDM symbol) and a SingleCarrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbol (or Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM(DFT-s-OFDM) symbol).

Table 1 shown below represents an example of a number of symbols perslot (N^(slot) _(symb)), a number slots per frame (N^(frame,u) _(slot)),and a number of slots per subframe (N^(subframe,u) _(slot)) based on anSCS configuration (u), in a case where a normal CP is used.

TABLE 1 SCS (15*2^(u)) N^(slot) _(symb) N^(frame, u) _(slot)N^(subframe, u) _(slot) 15 KHz (u = 0) 14 10 1 30 KHz (u = 1) 14 20 2 60KHz (u = 2) 14 40 4 120 KHz (u = 3)  14 80 8 240 KHz (u = 4)  14 160 16

Table 2 shows an example of a number of symbols per slot, a number ofslots per frame, and a number of slots per subframe based on the SCS, ina case where an extended CP is used.

TABLE 2 SCS (15*2^(u)) N^(slot) _(symb) N^(frame, u) _(slot)N^(subframe, u) _(slot) 60 KHz (u = 2) 12 40 4

In an NR system, OFDM(A) numerologies (e.g., SCS, CP length, and so on)between multiple cells being integrate to one UE may be differentlyconfigured. Accordingly, a (absolute time) duration (or section) of atime resource (e.g., subframe, slot or TTI) (collectively referred to asa time unit (TU) for simplicity) being configured of the same number ofsymbols may be differently configured in the integrated cells.

In the NR, multiple numerologies or SCSs for supporting diverse 5Gservices may be supported. For example, in case an SCS is 15 kHz, a widearea of the conventional cellular bands may be supported, and, in casean SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz a dense-urban, lower latency, wider carrierbandwidth may be supported. In case the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, abandwidth that is greater than 24.25 GHz may be used in order toovercome phase noise.

An NR frequency band may be defined as two different types of frequencyranges. The two different types of frequency ranges may be FR1 and FR2.The values of the frequency ranges may be changed (or varied), and, forexample, the two different types of frequency ranges may be as shownbelow in Table 3. Among the frequency ranges that are used in an NRsystem, FR1 may mean a “sub 6 GHz range”, and FR2 may mean an “above 6GHz range” and may also be referred to as a millimeter wave (mmW).

TABLE 3 Frequency Range Corresponding Subcarrier designation frequencyrange Spacing (SCS) FR1  450 MHz-6000 MHz  15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

As described above, the values of the frequency ranges in the NR systemmay be changed (or varied). For example, as shown below in Table 4, FR1may include a band within a range of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz. Morespecifically, FR1 may include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900,5925 MHz, and so on) and higher. For example, a frequency band of 6 GHz(or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, and so on) and higher being included in FR1mat include an unlicensed band. The unlicensed band may be used fordiverse purposes, e.g., the unlicensed band for vehicle-specificcommunication (e.g., automated driving).

TABLE 4 Frequency Range Corresponding Subcarrier designation frequencyrange Spacing (SCS) FR1  410 MHz-7125 MHz  15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

FIG. 5 shows a structure of a slot of an NR frame, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 5 , a slot includes a plurality of symbols in a timedomain. For example, in case of a normal CP, one slot may include 14symbols. However, in case of an extended CP, one slot may include 12symbols. Alternatively, in case of a normal CP, one slot may include 7symbols. However, in case of an extended CP, one slot may include 6symbols.

A carrier includes a plurality of subcarriers in a frequency domain. AResource Block (RB) may be defined as a plurality of consecutivesubcarriers (e.g., 12 subcarriers) in the frequency domain. A BandwidthPart (BWP) may be defined as a plurality of consecutive (Physical)Resource Blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain, and the BWP maycorrespond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, and so on). Acarrier may include a maximum of N number BWPs (e.g., 5 BWPs). Datacommunication may be performed via an activated BWP. Each element may bereferred to as a Resource Element (RE) within a resource grid and onecomplex symbol may be mapped to each element.

Hereinafter, a bandwidth part (BWP) and a carrier will be described.

The BWP may be a set of consecutive physical resource blocks (PRBs) in agiven numerology. The PRB may be selected from consecutive sub-sets ofcommon resource blocks (CRBs) for the given numerology on a givencarrier

For example, the BWP may be at least any one of an active BWP, aninitial BWP, and/or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitordownlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than an active DL BWP on aprimary cell (PCell). For example, the UE may not receive PDCCH,physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or channel stateinformation-reference signal (CSI-RS) (excluding RRM) outside the activeDL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger a channel state information(CSI) report for the inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE may nottransmit physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or physical uplinkshared channel (PUSCH) outside an active UL BWP. For example, in adownlink case, the initial BWP may be given as a consecutive RB set fora remaining minimum system information (RMSI) control resource set(CORESET) (configured by physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). Forexample, in an uplink case, the initial BWP may be given by systeminformation block (SIB) for a random access procedure. For example, thedefault BWP may be configured by a higher layer. For example, an initialvalue of the default BWP may be an initial DL BWP. For energy saving, ifthe UE fails to detect downlink control information (DCI) during aspecific period, the UE may switch the active BWP of the UE to thedefault BWP.

Meanwhile, the BWP may be defined for SL. The same SL BWP may be used intransmission and reception. For example, a transmitting UE may transmitan SL channel or an SL signal on a specific BWP, and a receiving UE mayreceive the SL channel or the SL signal on the specific BWP. In alicensed carrier, the SL BWP may be defined separately from a Uu BWP,and the SL BWP may have configuration signaling separate from the UuBWP. For example, the UE may receive a configuration for the SL BWP fromthe BS/network. For example, the UE may receive a configuration for theUu BWP from the BS/network. The SL BWP may be (pre-)configured in acarrier with respect to an out-of-coverage NR V2X UE and an RRC_IDLE UE.For the UE in the RRC_CONNECTED mode, at least one SL BWP may beactivated in the carrier.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a BWP, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure. It is assumed in the embodimentof FIG. 6 that the number of BWPs is 3.

Referring to FIG. 6 , a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrierresource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other endthereof. In addition, the PRB may be a resource block numbered withineach BWP. A point A may indicate a common reference point for a resourceblock grid.

The BWP may be configured by a point A, an offset N^(start) _(BWP) fromthe point A, and a bandwidth N^(size) _(BWP). For example, the point Amay be an external reference point of a PRB of a carrier in which asubcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by anetwork on that carrier) is aligned. For example, the offset may be aPRB interval between a lowest subcarrier and the point A in a givennumerology. For example, the bandwidth may be the number of PRBs in thegiven numerology.

Hereinafter, V2X or SL communication will be described.

A sidelink synchronization signal (SLSS) may include a primary sidelinksynchronization signal (PSSS) and a secondary sidelink synchronizationsignal (SSSS), as an SL-specific sequence. The PSSS may be referred toas a sidelink primary synchronization signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS maybe referred to as a sidelink secondary synchronization signal (S-SSS).For example, length-127 M-sequences may be used for the S-PSS, andlength-127 gold sequences may be used for the S-SSS. For example, a UEmay use the S-PSS for initial signal detection and for synchronizationacquisition. For example, the UE may use the S-PSS and the S-SSS foracquisition of detailed synchronization and for detection of asynchronization signal ID.

A physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) may be a (broadcast)channel for transmitting default (system) information which must befirst known by the UE before SL signal transmission/reception. Forexample, the default information may be information related to SLSS, aduplex mode (DM), a time division duplex (TDD) uplink/downlink (UL/DL)configuration, information related to a resource pool, a type of anapplication related to the SLSS, a subframe offset, broadcastinformation, or the like. For example, for evaluation of PSBCHperformance, in NR V2X, a payload size of the PSBCH may be 56 bitsincluding 24-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

The S-PSS, the S-SSS, and the PSBCH may be included in a block format(e.g., SL synchronization signal (SS)/PSBCH block, hereinafter,sidelink-synchronization signal block (S-SSB)) supporting periodicaltransmission. The S-SSB may have the same numerology (i.e., SCS and CPlength) as a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH)/physical sidelinkshared channel (PSSCH) in a carrier, and a transmission bandwidth mayexist within a (pre-)configured sidelink (SL) BWP. For example, theS-SSB may have a bandwidth of 11 resource blocks (RBs). For example, thePSBCH may exist across 11 RBs. In addition, a frequency position of theS-SSB may be (pre-)configured. Accordingly, the UE does not have toperform hypothesis detection at frequency to discover the S-SSB in thecarrier.

FIG. 7 shows a UE performing V2X or SL communication, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 7 , in V2X or SL communication, the term ‘UE’ maygenerally imply a UE of a user. However, if a network equipment such asa BS transmits/receives a signal according to a communication schemebetween UEs, the BS may also be regarded as a sort of the UE. Forexample, a UE 1 may be a first apparatus 100, and a UE 2 may be a secondapparatus 200.

For example, the UE 1 may select a resource unit corresponding to aspecific resource in a resource pool which implies a set of series ofresources. In addition, the UE 1 may transmit an SL signal by using theresource unit. For example, a resource pool in which the UE 1 is capableof transmitting a signal may be configured to the UE 2 which is areceiving UE, and the signal of the UE 1 may be detected in the resourcepool.

Herein, if the UE 1 is within a connectivity range of the BS, the BS mayinform the UE 1 of the resource pool. Otherwise, if the UE 1 is out ofthe connectivity range of the BS, another UE may inform the UE 1 of theresource pool, or the UE 1 may use a pre-configured resource pool.

In general, the resource pool may be configured in unit of a pluralityof resources, and each UE may select a unit of one or a plurality ofresources to use it in SL signal transmission thereof.

Hereinafter, resource allocation in SL will be described.

FIG. 8 shows a procedure of performing V2X or SL communication by a UEbased on a transmission mode, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure. In various embodiments of thepresent disclosure, the transmission mode may be called a mode or aresource allocation mode. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation,in LTE, the transmission mode may be called an LTE transmission mode. InNR, the transmission mode may be called an NR resource allocation mode.

For example, (a) of FIG. 8 shows a UE operation related to an LTEtransmission mode 1 or an LTE transmission mode 3. Alternatively, forexample, (a) of FIG. 8 shows a UE operation related to an NR resourceallocation mode 1. For example, the LTE transmission mode 1 may beapplied to general SL communication, and the LTE transmission mode 3 maybe applied to V2X communication.

For example, (b) of FIG. 8 shows a UE operation related to an LTEtransmission mode 2 or an LTE transmission mode 4. Alternatively, forexample, (b) of FIG. 8 shows a UE operation related to an NR resourceallocation mode 2.

Referring to (a) of FIG. 8 , in the LTE transmission mode 1, the LTEtransmission mode 3, or the NR resource allocation mode 1, a BS mayschedule an SL resource to be used by the UE for SL transmission. Forexample, the BS may perform resource scheduling to a UE 1 through aPDCCH (e.g., downlink control information (DCI)) or RRC signaling (e.g.,Configured Grant Type 1 or Configured Grant Type 2), and the UE 1 mayperform V2X or SL communication with respect to a UE 2 according to theresource scheduling. For example, the UE 1 may transmit a sidelinkcontrol information (SCI) to the UE 2 through a physical sidelinkcontrol channel (PSCCH), and thereafter transmit data based on the SCIto the UE 2 through a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

Referring to (b) of FIG. 8 , in the LTE transmission mode 2, the LTEtransmission mode 4, or the NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE maydetermine an SL transmission resource within an SL resource configuredby a BS/network or a pre-configured SL resource. For example, theconfigured SL resource or the pre-configured SL resource may be aresource pool. For example, the UE may autonomously select or schedule aresource for SL transmission. For example, the UE may perform SLcommunication by autonomously selecting a resource within a configuredresource pool. For example, the UE may autonomously select a resourcewithin a selective window by performing a sensing and resource(re)selection procedure. For example, the sensing may be performed inunit of subchannels. In addition, the UE 1 which has autonomouslyselected the resource within the resource pool may transmit the SCI tothe UE 2 through a PSCCH, and thereafter may transmit data based on theSCI to the UE 2 through a PSSCH.

FIG. 9 shows three cast types, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, (a) of FIG. 9 showsbroadcast-type SL communication, (b) of FIG. 9 shows unicast type-SLcommunication, and (c) of FIG. 9 shows groupcast-type SL communication.In case of the unicast-type SL communication, a UE may performone-to-one communication with respect to another UE. In case of thegroupcast-type SL transmission, the UE may perform SL communication withrespect to one or more UEs in a group to which the UE belongs. Invarious embodiments of the present disclosure, SL groupcastcommunication may be replaced with SL multicast communication, SLone-to-many communication, or the like.

Hereinafter, positioning will be described.

FIG. 10 shows an example of an architecture in a 5G system in whichpositioning for a UE connected to a Next Generation-Radio Access Network(NG-RAN) or E-UTRAN is possible, according to an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 10 , an AMF may receive a request for a locationservice related to a specific target UE from a different entity such asa gateway mobile location center (GMLC), or may determine to start thelocation service in the AMF itself instead of the specific target UE.Then, the AMF may transmit a location service request to a locationmanagement function (LMF). Upon receiving the location service request,the LMF may process the location service request and return a processingrequest including an estimated position or the like of the UE to theAMF. Meanwhile, if the location service request is received from thedifferent entity such as GMLC other than the AMF, the AMF may transferto the different entity the processing request received from the LMF.

A new generation evolved-NB (ng-eNB) and a gNB are network elements ofNG-RAN capable of providing a measurement result for positionestimation, and may measure a radio signal for a target UE and maytransfer a resultant value to the LMF. In addition, the ng-eNB maycontrol several transmission points (TPs) such as remote radio heads orPRS-dedicated TPs supporting a positioning reference signal (PRS)-basedbeacon system for E-UTRA.

The LMF may be connected to an enhanced serving mobile location center(E-SMLC), and the E-SMLC may allow the LMF to access E-UTRAN. Forexample, the E-SMLC may allow the LMF to support observed timedifference of arrival (OTDOA), which is one of positioning methods ofE-UTRAN, by using downlink measurement obtained by a target UE through asignal transmitted from the gNB and/or the PRS-dedicated TPs in theE-UTRAN.

Meanwhile, the LMF may be connected to an SUPL location platform (SLP).The LMF may support and manage different location determining servicesfor respective target UEs. The LMF may interact with a serving ng-eNB orserving gNB for the target UE to obtain location measurement of the UE.For positioning of the target UE, the LMF may determine a positioningmethod based on a location service (LCS) client type, a requestedquality of service (QoS), UE positioning capabilities, gNB positioningcapabilities, and ng-eNB positioning capabilities, or the like, and mayapply such a positioning method to the serving gNB and/or the servingng-eNB. In addition, the LMF may determine additional information suchas a position estimation value for the target UE and accuracy ofposition estimation and speed. The SLP is a secure user plane location(SUPL) entity in charge of positioning through a user plane.

The UE may measure a downlink signal through NG-RAN, E-UTRAN, and/orother sources such as different global navigation satellite system(GNSS) and terrestrial beacon system (TBS), wireless local accessnetwork (WLAN) access points, Bluetooth beacons, UE barometric pressuresensors or the like. The UE may include an LCS application. The UE maycommunicate with a network to which the UE has access, or may access theLCS application through another application included in the UE. The LCSapplication may include a measurement and calculation function requiredto determine a position of the UE. For example, the UE may include anindependent positioning function such as a global positioning system(GPS), and may report the position of the UE independent of NG-RANtransmission. Positioning information obtained independently as such maybe utilized as assistance information of the positioning informationobtained from the network.

FIG. 11 shows an implementation example of a network for measuring aposition of a UE, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments ofthe present disclosure.

When the UE is in a connection management (CM)-IDLE state, if an AMFreceives a location service request, the AMF may establish a signalingconnection with the UE, and may request for a network trigger service toallocate a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB. Such an operational processis omitted in FIG. 11 . That is, it may be assumed in FIG. 11 that theUE is in a connected mode. However, due to signaling and datainactivation or the like, the signaling connection may be released byNG-RAN while a positioning process is performed.

A network operation process for measuring a position of a UE will bedescribed in detail with reference to FIG. 11 . In step S1110, a 5GCentity such as GMLC may request a serving AMF to provide a locationservice for measuring a position of a target UE. However, even if theGMLC does not request for the location service, based on step S1115, theserving AMF may determine that the location service for measuring theposition of the target UE is required. For example, to measure theposition of the UE for an emergency call, the serving AMF may determineto directly perform the location service.

Thereafter, the AMF may transmit the location service request to an LMFbased on step S1120, and the LMF may start location procedures to obtainposition measurement data or position measurement assistance datatogether with a serving ng-eNB and a serving gNB. Additionally, based onstep S1135, the LMF may start location procedures for downlinkpositioning together with the UE. For example, the LMF may transmitassistance data defined in 3GPP TS 36.355, or may obtain a positionestimation value or a position measurement value. Meanwhile, step S1135may be performed additionally after step S1130 is performed, or may beperformed instead of step S1130.

In step S1140, the LMF may provide a location service response to theAMF. In addition, the location service response may include informationon whether position estimation of the UE is successful and a positionestimation value of the UE. Thereafter, if the procedure of FIG. 11 isinitiated by step S1110, the AMF may transfer the location serviceresponse to a 5GC entity such as GMLC, and if the procedure of FIG. 11is initiated by step S1115, the AMF may use the location serviceresponse to provide a location service related to an emergency call orthe like.

FIG. 12 shows an example of a protocol layer used to support LTEPositioning Protocol (LPP) message transmission between an LMF and a UE,according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment ofFIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the presentdisclosure.

An LPP PDU may be transmitted through a NAS PDU between an AMF and theUE. Referring to FIG. 12 , an LPP may be terminated between a targetdevice (e.g., a UE in a control plane or an SUPL enabled terminal (SET)in a user plane) and a location server (e.g., an LMF in the controlplane and an SLP in the user plane). The LPP message may be transferredin a form of a transparent PDU through an intermediary network interfaceby using a proper protocol such as an NG application protocol (NGAP)through an NG-control plane (NG-C) interface and NAS/RRC or the likethrough an NR-Uu interface. The LPP protocol may enable positioning forNR and LTE by using various positioning methods.

For example, based on the LPP protocol, the target device and thelocation server may exchange mutual capability information, assistancedata for positioning, and/or location information. In addition, an LPPmessage may be used to indicate exchange of error information and/orinterruption of the LPP procedure.

FIG. 13 shows an example of a protocol layer used to support NRPositioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transmission between an LMF and anNG-RAN node, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theembodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 13 , the NRPPa may be used for information exchangebetween the NG-RAN node and the LMF. Specifically, the NRPPa mayexchange an enhanced-cell ID (E-CID) for measurement, data forsupporting an OTDOA positioning method, and a cell-ID, cell location ID,or the like for an NR cell ID positioning method, transmitted from theng-eNB to the LMF. Even if there is no information on an associatedNRPPa transaction, the AMF may route NRPPa PDUs based on a routing ID ofan associated LMR through an NG-C interface.

A procedure of an NRPPa protocol for location and data collection may beclassified into two types. A first type is a UE associated procedure fortransferring information on a specific UE (e.g., position measurementinformation or the like), and a second type is a non UE associatedprocedure for transferring information (e.g., gNB/ng-eNB/TP timinginformation, etc.) applicable to an NG-RAN node and associated TPs. Thetwo types of the procedure may be independently supported or may besimultaneously supported.

Meanwhile, examples of positioning methods supported in NG-RAN mayinclude GNSS, OTDOA, enhanced cell ID (E-CID), barometric pressuresensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning andterrestrial beacon system (TBS), uplink time difference of arrival(UTDOA), etc.

(1) OTDOA (Observed Time Difference Of Arrival)

FIG. 14 shows an Observed Time Difference Of Arrival (OTDOA) positioningmethod according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theembodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 14 , the OTDOA positioning method uses measurementtiming of downlink signals received by a UE from an eNB, an ng-eNB, anda plurality of TPs including a PRS-dedicated TP. The UE measures timingof downlink signals received by using location assistance data receivedfrom a location server. In addition, a position of the UE may bedetermined based on such a measurement result and geometric coordinatesof neighboring TPs.

A UE connected to a gNB may request for a measurement gap for OTDOAmeasurement from the TP. If the UE cannot recognize a single frequencynetwork (SFN) for at least one TP in the OTDOA assistance data, the UEmay use an autonomous gap to obtain an SNF of an OTDOA reference cellbefore the measurement gap is requested to perform reference signal timedifference (RSTD) measurement.

Herein, the RSTD may be defined based on a smallest relative timedifference between boundaries of two subframes received respectivelyfrom a reference cell and a measurement cell. That is, the RSTD may becalculated based on a relative time difference between a start time of asubframe received from the measurement cell and a start time of asubframe of a reference cell closest to the start time of the subframereceived from the measurement cell. Meanwhile, the reference cell may beselected by the UE.

For correct OTDOA measurement, it may be necessary to measure a time ofarrival (TOA) of a signal received from three or more TPs or BSsgeometrically distributed. For example, a TOA may be measured for eachof a TP1, a TP2, and a TP3, and RSTD for TP 1-TP 2, RSTD for TP 2-TP 3,and RSTD for TP 3-TP 1 may be calculated for the three TOAs. Based onthis, a geometric hyperbola may be determined, and a point at whichthese hyperbolas intersect may be estimated as a position of a UE. Inthis case, since accuracy and/or uncertainty for each TOA measurementmay be present, the estimated position of the UE may be known as aspecific range based on measurement uncertainty.

For example, RSTD for two TPs may be calculated based on Equation 1.

RSTDi,1=√{square root over (x _(t) −x _(i))²+(y _(t) −y_(i))²)}/c−√{square root over ((x _(t) −x ₁)²+(y _(t) −y ₁)²)}/c+(T _(i)−T ₁)+(n _(i) −n ₁)  [Equation 1]

Herein, c may be the speed of light, {xt, yt} may be a (unknown)coordinate of a target UE, {xi, yi} may be a coordinate of a (known) TP,and {x1, y1} may be a coordinate of a reference TP (or another TP).Herein, (Ti−T1) may be referred to as “real time differences (RTDs)” asa transmission time offset between two TPs, and ni, n1 may representvalues related to UE TOA measurement errors.

(2) E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

In a cell ID (CID) positioning method, a position of a UE may bemeasured through geometric information of a serving ng-eNB, serving gNB,and/or serving cell of the UE. For example, the geometric information ofthe serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and/or serving cell may be obtainedthrough paging, registration, or the like.

Meanwhile, in addition to the CID positioning method, an E-CIDpositioning method may use additional UE measurement and/or NG-RAN radioresources or the like to improve a UE position estimation value. In theE-CID positioning method, although some of the measurement methods whichare the same as those used in a measurement control system of an RRCprotocol may be used, additional measurement is not performed in generalonly for position measurement of the UE. In other words, a measurementconfiguration or a measurement control message may not be providedadditionally to measure the position of the UE. Also, the UE may notexpect that an additional measurement operation only for positionmeasurement will be requested, and may report a measurement valueobtained through measurement methods in which the UE can performmeasurement in a general manner.

For example, the serving gNB may use an E-UTRA measurement valueprovided from the UE to implement the E-CID positioning method.

Examples of a measurement element that can be used for E-CID positioningmay be as follows.

-   -   UE measurement: E-UTRA reference signal received power (RSRP),        E-UTRA reference signal received quality (RSRQ), UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx        Time difference, GSM EDGE random access network (GERAN)/WLAN        reference signal strength indication (RSSI), UTRAN common pilot        channel (CPICH) received signal code power (RSCP), UTRAN CPICH        Ec/Io    -   E-UTRAN measurement: ng-eNB Rx-Tx Time difference, timing        advance (TADV), angle of arrival (AoA)

Herein, the TADV may be classified into Type 1 and Type 2 as follows.

TADV Type 1=(ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference)+(UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx timedifference)

TADV Type 2=ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference

Meanwhile, AoA may be used to measure a direction of the UE. The AoA maybe defined as an estimation angle with respect to the position of the UEcounterclockwise from a BS/TP. In this case, a geographic referencedirection may be north. The BS/TP may use an uplink signal such as asounding reference signal (SRS) and/or a demodulation reference signal(DMRS) for AoA measurement. In addition, the larger the arrangement ofthe antenna array, the higher the measurement accuracy of the AoA. Whenthe antenna arrays are arranged with the same interval, signals receivedfrom adjacent antenna elements may have a constant phase-rotate.

(3) UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival)

UTDOA is a method of determining a position of a UE by estimating anarrival time of SRS. When calculating an estimated SRS arrival time, theposition of the UE may be estimated through an arrival time differencewith respect to another cell (or BS/TP) by using a serving cell as areference cell. In order to implement the UTDOA, E-SMLC may indicate aserving cell of a target UE to indicate SRS transmission to the targetUE. In addition, the E-SMLC may provide a configuration such as whetherthe SRS is periodical/aperiodical, a bandwidth, frequency/group/sequencehopping, or the like.

On the other hand, according to the existing positioning operation, apositioning reference signal (PRS) is transmitted based on a Uu linkbetween a base station and a UE in a licensed band, and measurement suchas ToA/TDoA is transmitted to a positioning server, and the positioningserver may finally estimate the location of the UE. However, in the caseof a licensed band, since transmission of video traffic increases, thebandwidth becomes increasingly insufficient. Therefore, it may not beeasy to allocate a separate bandwidth or transmission resource forpositioning. As one method to solve this problem, a method of using awide bandwidth of an unlicensed band for positioning may be possible.However, in the case of an unlicensed band, since devices using varioustypes of systems can access a transmission channel through contention,transmission of a PRS for positioning in a specific time resource and aspecific frequency resource may not always be guaranteed.

In the present disclosure, in order to solve the above problem, anon-standalone positioning operation, where devices to performpositioning exchange scheduling and related parameters related topositioning as assistance information through a licensed band or adedicated frequency band for intelligent transport systems (ITS) andtransmit and measure a PRS required for the positioning through anunlicensed band, is proposed.

According to the positioning method proposed in the present disclosure,a UE may transmit positioning-related assistance information through anITS band or a licensed band, and the UE may transmit a PRS through anunlicensed band. The positioning scheme proposed in the presentdisclosure may be applied to a Uu link or SL positioning scheme with orwithout a base station or a positioning server.

FIG. 15 shows a procedure in which a UE performs positioning accordingto an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

For convenience of description, an operation of a UE on an ITS band or alicensed band and an operation of the UE on an unlicensed band areseparately described, but the operations of the UE may be combined. Forconvenience of description, a target UE may be referred to as a T-UE,and a server UE may be referred to as an S-UE.

1. Operation of UE on ITS Band or Licensed Band

Referring to FIG. 15 , in step S1510, a T-UE may request a neighboringUE to participate in positioning. For example, a T-UE may transmit arequest message related to participation in positioning to a neighboringUE. For example, the request message may include an ID of the T-UE. Forexample, the ID of the T-UE may include at least one of an applicationID, a source ID, a layer-1 ID, a layer-2 ID, a PRS ID and/or a UE ID.For example, the request message may include a candidate positioningmethod (e.g., SL TDOA, etc.) and/or parameters (e.g., PRS BW, combtype/#symbol, transmission time/number of times, etc.) to be used forpositioning. For example, the request message may include informationrelated to a candidate unlicensed band to be used for positioning (e.g.,the number of unlicensed band, BW, etc.). For example, the requestmessage may include QoS information including a required positioningaccuracy or a positioning latency requirement.

In step S1520, a UE capable of responding to the request amongneighboring UEs may register as an S-UE in response to the T-UE. Forexample, a UE capable of responding to the request among neighboring UEsmay transmit a response message to the T-UE in response to the requestmessage. In the embodiment of FIG. 15 , it is assumed that UE #1 and UE#2 can participate in positioning. Accordingly, UE #1 and UE #2 may senda response message to the T-UE, and UE #1 and UE #2 may operate asS-UEs.

For example, the response message may include an ID of an S-UE. Forexample, an ID of an S-UE may include at least one of an application ID,a destination ID, a layer-1 ID, a layer-2 ID, a PRS ID, and/or a UE ID.For example, the response message may include a positioning methodand/or parameter that may be supported by an S-UE among candidatepositioning methods and/or parameters transmitted by the T-UE.

For example, the response message may include information related to anunlicensed band that can be supported by an S-UE among the informationrelated to the candidate unlicensed band transmitted by the T-UE. Atthis time, for example, the S-UE may select information related to theunlicensed band that may be supported by the S-UE based on the BW of theunlicensed band that may be supported by the S-UE, among the informationrelated to the candidate unlicensed band transmitted by the T-UE. Forexample, an S-UE may select information related to an unlicensed bandthat may be supported by the S-UE based on the capability of the S-UE,among the information related to the candidate unlicensed bandtransmitted by the T-UE. For example, an S-UE may select informationrelated to the unlicensed band that may be supported by the S-UE basedon the size of the BW of the unlicensed band that may be supported bythe S-UE, among the information related to the candidate unlicensed bandtransmitted by the T-UE. For example, an S-UE may select informationrelated to an unlicensed band based on a channel busy ratio (CBR) or asignal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), among the informationrelated to the candidate unlicensed band transmitted by the T-UE. Forexample, an S-UE may select information related to an unlicensed bandhaving the lowest CBR or SINR based on CBR or SINR, among theinformation related to the candidate unlicensed band transmitted by theT-UE. For example, an S-UE may select information related to anunlicensed band in which the CBR or SINR is less than or equal to aspecific CBR threshold or a specific SINR threshold, based on CBR orSINR, among the information related to the candidate unlicensed bandtransmitted by the T-UE. Here, for example, the specific CBR thresholdor the specific SINR threshold may be configured/transmitted by a T-UEto an S-UE, pre-defined for a T-UE and/or an S-UE,pre-configured/transmitted or configured/transmitted by a basestation/network to an S-UE and/or a T-UE through a higher layersignaling. For example, an S-UE may select information related to anunlicensed band from among the information related to the candidateunlicensed band transmitted by the T-UE based on sensing. For example,an S-UE may select information related to an unlicensed band having thesmallest number of UEs existing within a specific radius around the T-UEand/or the S-UE based on sensing, among the information related to thecandidate unlicensed band transmitted by the T-UE. For example, an S-UEmay select information related to an unlicensed band in which the numberof UEs existing within a specific radius around the T-UE and/or the S-UEis less than or equal to a specific threshold based on sensing, amongthe information related to the candidate unlicensed band transmitted bythe T-UE. Here, for example, a value related to the specific radius maybe configured/transmitted by a T-UE to an S-UE, pre-defined for a T-UEand/or an S-UE, pre-configured/transmitted or configured/transmitted bya base station/network to an S-UE and/or a T-UE through a higher layersignaling.

In step S1530, through the request of the T-UE and the response of theS-UE, a positioning group for performing a positioning operation may beformed. Here, for example, a T-UE may configure/transmit a group memberID to an S-UE. For example, a group member ID of an S-UE that cantransmit a PRS to a T-UE for the first time in a positioning group maybe configured/transmitted by a T-UE to an S-UE, pre-defined for a T-UEand/or an S-UE, pre-configured/transmitted or configured/transmitted bya base station/network to an S-UE and/or a T-UE through a higher layersignaling.

In step S1540, a T-UE may transmit a PRS to an S-UE, and an S-UE maytransmit a PRS to a T-UE. For example, a T-UE may transmit a PRS to anS-UE through an unlicensed band, and an S-UE may transmit a PRS to aT-UE through an unlicensed band. For example, after a T-UE transmits aPRS to an S-UE, the S-UE may transmit a value measured based on a PRS tothe T-UE. For example, after an S-UE transmits a PRS to a T-UE, the T-UEmay transmit a value measured based on a PRS to the S-UE.

In step S1550, after a T-UE completes the positioning calculationthrough an operation within the positioning group, the T-UE may transmitinformation related to positioning completion to an S-UE. Accordingly,the positioning group may be released. For example, if a PRS is notreceived from an S-UE through an unlicensed band during the timescheduled by a T-UE, the T-UE may count/start a failure timer related toa PRS. For example, when the failure timer value reaches a specific timethreshold, a T-UE may release a positioning group. For example, when thewaiting time for PRS reception from an S-UE is longer than the resourcereservation time, a T-UE may release a positioning group. For example,when the waiting time for PRS reception from an S-UE does not satisfythe positioning delay requirement, a T-UE may release a positioninggroup. For example, when a T-UE receives information/message/signalrelated to PRS transmission failure from an S-UE through an ITS band ora licensed band, the T-UE may release a positioning group. For example,the specific time threshold may be configured/transmitted by a T-UE toan S-UE, pre-defined for a T-UE and/or an S-UE,pre-configured/transmitted or configured/transmitted by a basestation/network to an S-UE and/or a T-UE through a higher layersignaling.

2. Operation of a UE on an Unlicensed Band

For example, a T-UE and an S-UE may form a positioning group on an ITSband or a licensed band, and the T-UE and the S-UE may perform anoperation required for positioning on an unlicensed band. In this case,for example, a T-UE may switch to a mode for scheduling a PRStransmission resource and transmission of an S-UE in an unlicensed band.For example, a T-UE may provide an S-UE with a resource pool related toa PRS transmission resource that the S-UE can use in an unlicensed band,and the S-UE may select a PRS transmission resource based on theprovided resource pool.

For example, when a T-UE and/or an S-UE transmits a PRS on an unlicensedband, based on a positioning method and transmission parameters agreedbetween the T-UE and the S-UE on an ITS band or a licensed band, theT-UE may sense a channel to transmit a PRS, and if a channel is freeand/or available for a certain sensing time, the T-UE may reserve atransmission through a corresponding channel for a specific transmissiontime by broadcasting a resource reservation signal to neighboring UEs.For example, through a resource reservation signal, the T-UE may reservea specific time interval, reserve a specific frequency resource, orreserve a specific time and frequency resource. For example, thespecific sensing time may be pre-defined for a T-UE,pre-configured/transmitted or configured/transmitted by a basestation/network to a T-UE through a higher layer signaling.

For example, when a T-UE and/or an S-UE transmits a PRS on an unlicensedband, based on a positioning method and transmission parameters agreedbetween the T-UE and the S-UE on an ITS band or a licensed band, theT-UE may configure/grant a specific resource or a specific resource poolamong reserved resources as a resource to be used by the S-UE for PRStransmission. For example, if the resource pool is configured for theS-UE, the S-UE can confirm that the T-UE has not transmitted a PRS tothe S-UE for a specific PRS transmission time through channel sensing,and when the S-UE completes sensing of a PRS transmission of anotherS-UE having a group member ID smaller than (or larger by 1) than itsgroup member ID, the S-UE may transmit a PRS to the T-UE. For example,the specific PRS transmission time may be configured/transmitted by aT-UE to an S-UE, pre-defined for a T-UE and/or an S-UE,pre-configured/transmitted or configured/transmitted by a basestation/network to an S-UE and/or a T-UE through a higher layersignaling. For example, the specific PRS transmission time may be alogical value determined based on a transmission resource belonging to aresource pool. For example, the specific PRS transmission time may be aphysical value determined as an absolute time regardless of a resourcepool. For example, sensing of the group member ID may be performed bysensing a PRS ID related to the group member ID. For example, an S-UEreceiving a group member ID capable of transmitting PRS for the firsttime among S-UEs may transmit a PRS to a T-UE without sensing PRStransmission of other S-UEs. For example, a T-UE may transmit a PRS toan S-UE within a specific PRS transmission time. That is, a T-UE maycontinuously transmit a PRS (e.g., SL RTT; sidelink round trip time) toseveral S-UEs. For example, a T-UE may not transmit a PRS to an S-UEduring a specific PRS transmission time, and the T-UE may transmit a PRSafter one S-UE completes a PRS transmission. That is, a T-UE and an S-UEmay alternately transmit a PRS (e.g., SL RTT) within a positioninggroup. For example, a T-UE may not continuously transmit a PRS after aspecific PRS transmission time, and S-UEs may continuously transmit aPRS to a T-UE (e.g., SL TDOA).

For example, transmission collision may occur during PRS transmission ina resource pool. In this case, an S-UE to transmit a PRS may transmit aPRS through the next resource in the resource pool. For example, whentransmission delay occurs due to multiple resource collisions, if thePRS transmission time does not satisfy a positioning delay requirement,based on the positioning delay requirement received from a T-UE throughan ITS band or a licensed band, an S-UE may drop the PRS transmission.In addition, the S-UE may transmit information/message/signal related toPRS transmission failure to the T-UE through an ITS band or a licensedband.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a UE may performthe following positioning operation, including a Uu link-basedpositioning scheme and an SL-based positioning scheme.

First, a UE may perform positioning by using both a positioningassistance spectrum to transmit information for scheduling the entireoperation of positioning and related positioning assistance information(hereinafter, positioning assistance information), and a positioningspectrum to transmit a PRS to be used for positioning. For example, thepositioning assistance spectrum and the positioning spectrum may includeat least one of a licensed band, an ITS dedicated band, and/or anunlicensed band. For example, the positioning assistance spectrum andthe positioning spectrum may be different frequency bands.

For example, a UE may transmit positioning assistance information orother commercial services/data to a base station, a positioning serverand other UEs through the positioning assistance spectrum. On the otherhand, a UE may transmit only a PRS to be used for a positioning througha positioning spectrum. In this case, a UE may perform a positioning andtransmit other services/data at the same time using one RF module foreach spectrum, or may transmit related data in the spectrum afterperforming RF retuning through RF circuit switching and RF spectrumswitching between each spectrum using one RF module.

At this time, when a UE communicates using one RF module, the UE maytransmit or receive other commercial services/data at the timing oftransmitting or receiving positioning assistance information on apositioning assistance spectrum. In this case, a collision may occurbetween mutual transmission and reception. As such, when transmissionand reception related to positioning conflicts with transmission andreception related to other services, by comparing the QoS and priorityof positioning data with the QoS and priority of other services/data,the UE may transmit data with higher QoS and priority, and drop datatransmission with lower QoS and priority.

For example, when a UE tries to transmit a PRS on a positioningspectrum, if the PRS transmission collides with another service/datatransmission having a higher priority on a positioning assistancespectrum, the UE may drop the PRS transmission on the positioningspectrum, and may transmit another service/data having a higher priorityby retuning an RF module onto the positioning assistance spectrum.Conversely, when a UE tries to transmit a PRS on a positioning spectrum,if the PRS transmission collides with another service/data transmissionhaving a lower priority on a positioning assistance spectrum, the UE maydrop other service/data transmission on the positioning assistancespectrum and may keep the PRS transmission on the positioning spectrum.

For example, when a UE is about to transmit another service/data on apositioning assistance spectrum, if the service/data transmissioncollides with a PRS transmission having a higher priority on apositioning spectrum, the UE may drop the other service/datatransmission on the positioning assistance spectrum, and may transmitthe PRS having a higher priority by retuning an RF module on thepositioning spectrum. Conversely, when a UE tries to transmit anotherservice/data on a positioning assistance spectrum, if the service/datatransmission collides with a PRS transmission having a lower priority ona positioning spectrum, the UE may drop the PRS transmission on thepositioning spectrum and may keep the other data transmissions on thepositioning assistance spectrum.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, according to QoS,priority and delay requirements related to positioning on a positioningassistance spectrum, a time interval in which a PRS transmission ispossible on a positioning spectrum may be predefined for a UE. Forexample, the time interval may be pre-configured/transmitted by a basestation/network to a UE through higher layer signaling orconfigured/transmitted. For example, the time interval may be configuredas a window having a specific time interval, or may be configured as acounter value capable of counting only a specific time interval.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a UE may performcontention-based channel access for PRS transmission by retuning an RFmodule to a positioning spectrum. At this time, for example, in a timeperiod or in a period in which a timer is valid, the UE may perform PRStransmission on the positioning spectrum using contention-based channelaccess. For example, when the end of the time interval is reached, orwhen the timer value is all counted up to a valid value, the UE may stopPRS transmission performed on the positioning spectrum, and may transmita service/data other than the previously scheduled positioning byretuning the RF module to a positioning assistance spectrum.

In the present disclosure, a non-independent unlicensed band positioningoperation of transmitting positioning scheduling and positioningassistance data using a licensed band and an ITS band, and therebytransmitting and measuring a PRS through unlicensed band has beenproposed. In the proposed embodiment, when transmitting and receiving intwo (or two types) bands through circuit switching using one RF module,a method of dropping PRS transmission in an unlicensed band according toQoS, priority and delay requirements related to positioning service andtransmitting other service/data by retuning RF to a licensed band or anITS band has been proposed.

FIG. 16 shows a procedure in which a first device performs wirelesscommunication. The embodiment of FIG. 16 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 16 , in step S1610, a first device may receive apositioning request, from a second device, including information relatedto positioning and at least one candidate band, through a first band. Instep S1620, the first device may determine a second band among the atleast one candidate band, based on a value related to a communicationrange centered on the first device and a number of devices present ineach candidate band. In step S1630, the first device may transmit apositioning response, to the second device, including informationrelated to the determined second band, through the first band. In stepS1640, the first device may transmit a first positioning referencesignal (PRS), to the second device, through the second band based on theinformation related to the positioning.

For example, the first band may be an intelligent transport system (ITS)or a licensed band, and the second band may be an unlicensed band.

For example, the first band may be an intelligent transport system (ITS)or a licensed band, and the second band may be an unlicensed band.

For example, the second band may be determined based on: within thecommunication range centered on the first device, a number of devicespresent in the second band being less than a threshold number; or withinthe communication range centered on the first device, the number ofdevices present in the second band among the number of devices presentin each candidate band of the at least one candidate band being thesmallest.

For example, a group related to the positioning may be formed based onthe positioning response, and the positioning may be performed based onthe group related to the positioning.

For example, additionally, the first device may receive a group memberidentification (ID), from the second device, related to the first devicein the group related to the positioning, wherein based on the groupmember ID related to the first device, the first PRS may be: transmittedsequentially within the group related to the positioning; or transmittedfirst in the group related to the positioning.

For example, additionally, the first device may sense a second PRStransmitted by a third device included in the group related to thepositioning, wherein the first PRS may be transmitted after the secondPRS is sensed.

For example, the first PRS may be transmitted based on no PRS beingreceived from the second device during a PRS transmission time, and thePRS transmission time may be configured from the second device,configured from a network, pre-configured, or pre-defined.

For example, additionally, the first device may receive a second PRSfrom the second device based on the second band, wherein the second PRSmay be received in a PRS transmission time, the first PRS may betransmitted after the second PRS is received, and the PRS transmissiontime may be configured by the second device, configured from a network,pre-configured, or pre-defined.

For example, additionally, the first device may receive a second PRSfrom the second device based on the second band, wherein the first PRSmay be transmitted based on no PRS being received from the second deviceduring a PRS transmission time, and the second PRS may be received afterthe transmission of the first PRS.

For example, the value related to the communication range centered onthe first device may be configured from the second device.

For example, additionally, the first device may sense a resource pool;and select a resource of the first PRS based on a result of the sensing,wherein information related to the positioning may include informationrelated to the resource pool, and the first PRS may be transmitted basedon the resource of the first PRS.

For example, additionally, the first device may receive a measurementvalue related to the positioning from the second device.

For example, additionally, the first device may receive a second PRSfrom the second device based on the second band; and transmit ameasurement value related to the second PRS to the second device.

The above-described embodiment can be applied to various devices to bedescribed below. For example, a processor 102 of a first device 100 maycontrol a transceiver 106 to receive a positioning request, from asecond device 200, including information related to positioning and atleast one candidate band, through a first band. And, the processor 102of the first device 100 may determine a second band among the at leastone candidate band, based on a value related to a communication rangecentered on the processor 102 of the first device 100 and a number ofdevices present in each candidate band. And, the processor 102 of thefirst device 100 may control the transceiver 106 to transmit apositioning response, to the second device 200, including informationrelated to the determined second band, through the first band. And, theprocessor 102 of the first device 100 may control the transceiver 106 totransmit a first positioning reference signal (PRS), to the seconddevice 200, through the second band based on the information related tothe positioning.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device forperforming wireless communication may be proposed. For example, thefirst device may comprise: one or more memories storing instructions;one or more transceivers; and one or more processors connected to theone or more memories and the one or more transceivers. For example, theone or more processors may execute the instructions to: receive apositioning request, from a second device, including information relatedto positioning and at least one candidate band, through a first band;determine a second band among the at least one candidate band, based ona value related to a communication range centered on the first deviceand a number of devices present in each candidate band; transmit apositioning response, to the second device, including informationrelated to the determined second band, through the first band; andtransmit a first positioning reference signal (PRS), to the seconddevice, through the second band based on the information related to thepositioning.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a device adaptedto control a first user equipment (UE) may be proposed. For example, thedevice may comprise: one or more processors; and one or more memoriesoperably connectable to the one or more processors and storinginstructions. For example, the one or more processors may execute theinstructions to: receive a positioning request, from a second UE,including information related to positioning and at least one candidateband, through a first band; determine a second band among the at leastone candidate band, based on a value related to a communication rangecentered on the first UE and a number of UEs present in each candidateband; transmit a positioning response, to the second UE, includinginformation related to the determined second band, through the firstband; and transmit a first positioning reference signal (PRS), to thesecond UE, through the second band based on the information related tothe positioning.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be proposed.For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a first deviceto: receive a positioning request, from a second device, includinginformation related to positioning and at least one candidate band,through a first band; determine a second band among the at least onecandidate band, based on a value related to a communication rangecentered on the first device and a number of devices present in eachcandidate band; transmit a positioning response, to the second device,including information related to the determined second band, through thefirst band; and transmit a first positioning reference signal (PRS), tothe second device, through the second band based on the informationrelated to the positioning.

FIG. 17 shows a procedure in which a second device performs wirelesscommunication. The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 17 , in step S1710, a second device may transmit apositioning request, to a first device, including information related topositioning and at least one candidate band, through a first band. Instep S1720, the second device may receive a positioning response, fromthe first device, including information related to a second band,through the first band. For example, the second band may be determinedamong the at least one candidate band, based on based on a value relatedto a communication range centered on the first device and a number ofdevices present in each candidate band. In step S1730, the second devicemay transmit a first positioning reference signal (PRS), to the firstdevice, through the second band based on the information related to thepositioning. For example, the first band may be an intelligent transportsystem (ITS) or a licensed band, and the second band may be anunlicensed band.

For example, additionally, the second device may form a group related tothe positioning based on the positioning response; start a failure timerbased on the second PRS being not received from the first device duringa scheduling time included in the information related to thepositioning; and release the group related to the positioning, based onone among the failure timer which has reached a threshold value, awaiting time related to the second PRS which is longer than thescheduling time, a waiting time related to the second PRS which do notsatisfy a positioning delay requirement included in the informationrelated to the positioning.

The above-described embodiment can be applied to various devices to bedescribed below. For example, a processor 202 of a second device 200 maycontrol a transceiver 206 to transmit a positioning request, to a firstdevice, including information related to positioning and at least onecandidate band, through a first band. And, the processor 202 of thesecond device 200 may control the transceiver 206 to receive apositioning response, from the first device, including informationrelated to a second band, through the first band. For example, thesecond band may be determined among the at least one candidate band,based on based on a value related to a communication range centered onthe first device and a number of devices present in each candidate band.And, the processor 202 of the second device 200 may control thetransceiver 206 to transmit a first positioning reference signal (PRS),to the first device, through the second band based on the informationrelated to the positioning. For example, the first band may be anintelligent transport system (ITS) or a licensed band, and the secondband may be an unlicensed band.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure, a second device forperforming wireless communication may be proposed. For example, thesecond device may comprise: one or more memories storing instructions;one or more transceivers; and one or more processors connected to theone or more memories and the one or more transceivers. For example, theone or more processors may execute the instructions to: transmit apositioning request, to a first device, including information related topositioning and at least one candidate band, through a first band;receive a positioning response, from the first device, includinginformation related to a second band, through the first band, the secondband may be determined among the at least one candidate band, based onbased on a value related to a communication range centered on the firstdevice and a number of devices present in each candidate band; andtransmit a first positioning reference signal (PRS), to the firstdevice, through the second band based on the information related to thepositioning, wherein the first band may be an intelligent transportsystem (ITS) or a licensed band, and the second band may be anunlicensed band.

For example, the one or more processors may further execute theinstructions to: form a group related to the positioning based on thepositioning response; start a failure timer based on the second PRSbeing not received from the first device during a scheduling timeincluded in the information related to the positioning; and release thegroup related to the positioning, based on one among the failure timerwhich has reached a threshold value, a waiting time related to thesecond PRS which is longer than the scheduling time, a waiting timerelated to the second PRS which do not satisfy a positioning delayrequirement included in the information related to the positioning.

Hereinafter, device(s) to which various embodiments of the presentdisclosure can be applied will be described.

The various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods,and/or operational flowcharts of the present disclosure described inthis document may be applied to, without being limited to, a variety offields requiring wireless communication/connection (e.g., 5G) betweendevices.

Hereinafter, a description will be given in more detail with referenceto the drawings. In the following drawings/description, the samereference symbols may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks,software blocks, or functional blocks unless described otherwise.

FIG. 18 shows a communication system 1, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 18 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 18 , a communication system 1 to which variousembodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes wirelessdevices, Base Stations (BSs), and a network. Herein, the wirelessdevices represent devices performing communication using Radio AccessTechnology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR)) or Long-Term Evolution (LTE))and may be referred to as communication/radio/5G devices. The wirelessdevices may include, without being limited to, a robot 100 a, vehicles100 b-1 and 100 b-2, an eXtended Reality (XR) device 100 c, a hand-helddevice 100 d, a home appliance 100 e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device100 f, and an Artificial Intelligence (AI) device/server 400. Forexample, the vehicles may include a vehicle having a wirelesscommunication function, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable ofperforming communication between vehicles. Herein, the vehicles mayinclude an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR devicemay include an Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR)/Mixed Reality(MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device(HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) mounted in a vehicle, a television, asmartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, adigital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The hand-held device mayinclude a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatchor a smartglasses), and a computer (e.g., a notebook). The homeappliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, and a washing machine. TheIoT device may include a sensor and a smartmeter. For example, the BSsand the network may be implemented as wireless devices and a specificwireless device 200 a may operate as a BS/network node with respect toother wireless devices.

Here, wireless communication technology implemented in wireless devices100 a to 100 f of the present disclosure may include Narrowband Internetof Things for low-power communication in addition to LTE, NR, and 6G. Inthis case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of Low PowerWide Area Network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as standardssuch as LTE Cat NB1, and/or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the namedescribed above. Additionally or alternatively, the wirelesscommunication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100 a to100 f of the present disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-Mtechnology. In this case, as an example, the LTE-M technology may be anexample of the LPWAN and may be called by various names includingenhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC), and the like. For example,the LTE-M technology may be implemented as at least any one of variousstandards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTEnon-Bandwidth Limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine TypeCommunication, and/or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the name describedabove. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communicationtechnology implemented in the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f of thepresent disclosure may include at least one of Bluetooth, Low Power WideArea Network (LPWAN), and ZigBee considering the low-powercommunication, and is not limited to the name described above. As anexample, the ZigBee technology may generate personal area networks (PAN)related to small/low-power digital communication based on variousstandards including IEEE 802.15.4, and the like, and may be called byvarious names.

The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connected to the network 300via the BSs 200. An AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices100 a to 100 f and the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connectedto the AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may beconfigured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g.,NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f maycommunicate with each other through the BSs 200/network 300, thewireless devices 100 a to 100 f may perform direct communication (e.g.,sidelink communication) with each other without passing through theBSs/network. For example, the vehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2 may performdirect communication (e.g. Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)/Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). The IoT device (e.g.,a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g.,sensors) or other wireless devices 100 a to 100 f.

Wireless communication/connections 150 a, 150 b, or 150 c may beestablished between the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f/BS 200, or BS200/BS 200. Herein, the wireless communication/connections may beestablished through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlinkcommunication 150 a, sidelink communication 150 b (or, D2Dcommunication), or inter BS communication (e.g. relay, Integrated AccessBackhaul (IAB)). The wireless devices and the BSs/the wireless devicesmay transmit/receive radio signals to/from each other through thewireless communication/connections 150 a and 150 b. For example, thewireless communication/connections 150 a and 150 b may transmit/receivesignals through various physical channels. To this end, at least a partof various configuration information configuring processes, varioussignal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding,modulation/demodulation, and resource mapping/demapping), and resourceallocating processes, for transmitting/receiving radio signals, may beperformed based on the various proposals of the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 shows wireless devices, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

Referring to FIG. 19 , a first wireless device 100 and a second wirelessdevice 200 may transmit radio signals through a variety of RATs (e.g.,LTE and NR). Herein, {the first wireless device 100 and the secondwireless device 200} may correspond to {the wireless device 100 x andthe BS 200} and/or {the wireless device 100 x and the wireless device100 x} of FIG. 18 .

The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 andone or more memories 104 and additionally further include one or moretransceivers 106 and/or one or more antennas 108. The processor(s) 102may control the memory(s) 104 and/or the transceiver(s) 106 and may beconfigured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument. For example, the processor(s) 102 may process informationwithin the memory(s) 104 to generate first information/signals and thentransmit radio signals including the first information/signals throughthe transceiver(s) 106. The processor(s) 102 may receive radio signalsincluding second information/signals through the transceiver 106 andthen store information obtained by processing the secondinformation/signals in the memory(s) 104. The memory(s) 104 may beconnected to the processor(s) 102 and may store a variety of informationrelated to operations of the processor(s) 102. For example, thememory(s) 104 may store software code including commands for performinga part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 102or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.Herein, the processor(s) 102 and the memory(s) 104 may be a part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE orNR). The transceiver(s) 106 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 andtransmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108.Each of the transceiver(s) 106 may include a transmitter and/or areceiver. The transceiver(s) 106 may be interchangeably used with RadioFrequency (RF) unit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless devicemay represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.

The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202and one or more memories 204 and additionally further include one ormore transceivers 206 and/or one or more antennas 208. The processor(s)202 may control the memory(s) 204 and/or the transceiver(s) 206 and maybe configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument. For example, the processor(s) 202 may process informationwithin the memory(s) 204 to generate third information/signals and thentransmit radio signals including the third information/signals throughthe transceiver(s) 206. The processor(s) 202 may receive radio signalsincluding fourth information/signals through the transceiver(s) 106 andthen store information obtained by processing the fourthinformation/signals in the memory(s) 204. The memory(s) 204 may beconnected to the processor(s) 202 and may store a variety of informationrelated to operations of the processor(s) 202. For example, thememory(s) 204 may store software code including commands for performinga part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 202or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.Herein, the processor(s) 202 and the memory(s) 204 may be a part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE orNR). The transceiver(s) 206 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 andtransmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208.Each of the transceiver(s) 206 may include a transmitter and/or areceiver. The transceiver(s) 206 may be interchangeably used with RFunit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless device may represent acommunication modem/circuit/chip.

Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 willbe described more specifically. One or more protocol layers may beimplemented by, without being limited to, one or more processors 102 and202. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may implementone or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP,RRC, and SDAP). The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate oneor more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Unit(SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, controlinformation, data, or information according to the descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document. The one or more processors 102 and 202 maygenerate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs,messages, control information, data, or information according to thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document and provide thegenerated signals to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206. The oneor more processors 102 and 202 may receive the signals (e.g., basebandsignals) from the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and acquire thePDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or informationaccording to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.

The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to ascontrollers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware,firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or moreApplication Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more DigitalSignal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices(DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or moreField Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one ormore processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument may be implemented using firmware or software and the firmwareor software may be configured to include the modules, procedures, orfunctions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document may be included in the one or more processors102 and 202 or stored in the one or more memories 104 and 204 so as tobe driven by the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or softwarein the form of code, commands, and/or a set of commands.

The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals,messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and/or commands.The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by Read-OnlyMemories (ROMs), Random Access Memories (RAMs), Electrically ErasableProgrammable Read-Only Memories (EPROMs), flash memories, hard drives,registers, cash memories, computer-readable storage media, and/orcombinations thereof. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may belocated at the interior and/or exterior of the one or more processors102 and 202. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected tothe one or more processors 102 and 202 through various technologies suchas wired or wireless connection.

The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the methodsand/or operational flowcharts of this document, to one or more otherdevices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data,control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document, from one or moreother devices. For example, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 maybe connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit andreceive radio signals. For example, the one or more processors 102 and202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one ormore other devices. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may performcontrol so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receiveuser data, control information, or radio signals from one or more otherdevices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected tothe one or more antennas 108 and 208 and the one or more transceivers106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document, through the one ormore antennas 108 and 208. In this document, the one or more antennasmay be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logicalantennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106 and 206may convert received radio signals/channels etc. from RF band signalsinto baseband signals in order to process received user data, controlinformation, radio signals/channels, etc. using the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 mayconvert the user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc.processed using the one or more processors 102 and 202 from the baseband signals into the RF band signals. To this end, the one or moretransceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and/orfilters.

FIG. 20 shows a signal process circuit for a transmission signal, basedon an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 20 , a signal processing circuit 1000 may includescramblers 1010, modulators 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a precoder 1040,resource mappers 1050, and signal generators 1060. An operation/functionof FIG. 20 may be performed, without being limited to, the processors102 and 202 and/or the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 19 . Hardwareelements of FIG. 20 may be implemented by the processors 102 and 202and/or the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 19 . For example, blocks1010 to 1060 may be implemented by the processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 19. Alternatively, the blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented by theprocessors 102 and 202 of FIG. 19 and the block 1060 may be implementedby the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 19 .

Codewords may be converted into radio signals via the signal processingcircuit 1000 of FIG. 20 . Herein, the codewords are encoded bitsequences of information blocks. The information blocks may includetransport blocks (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transportblock). The radio signals may be transmitted through various physicalchannels (e.g., a PUSCH and a PDSCH).

Specifically, the codewords may be converted into scrambled bitsequences by the scramblers 1010. Scramble sequences used for scramblingmay be generated based on an initialization value, and theinitialization value may include ID information of a wireless device.The scrambled bit sequences may be modulated to modulation symbolsequences by the modulators 1020. A modulation scheme may includepi/2-Binary Phase Shift Keying (pi/2-BPSK), m-Phase Shift Keying(m-PSK), and m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (m-QAM). Complexmodulation symbol sequences may be mapped to one or more transportlayers by the layer mapper 1030. Modulation symbols of each transportlayer may be mapped (precoded) to corresponding antenna port(s) by theprecoder 1040. Outputs z of the precoder 1040 may be obtained bymultiplying outputs y of the layer mapper 1030 by an N*M precodingmatrix W. Herein, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the numberof transport layers. The precoder 1040 may perform precoding afterperforming transform precoding (e.g., DFT) for complex modulationsymbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 may perform precoding withoutperforming transform precoding.

The resource mappers 1050 may map modulation symbols of each antennaport to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources mayinclude a plurality of symbols (e.g., a CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMAsymbols) in the time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in thefrequency domain. The signal generators 1060 may generate radio signalsfrom the mapped modulation symbols and the generated radio signals maybe transmitted to other devices through each antenna. For this purpose,the signal generators 1060 may include Inverse Fast Fourier Transform(IFFT) modules, Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserters, Digital-to-AnalogConverters (DACs), and frequency up-converters.

Signal processing procedures for a signal received in the wirelessdevice may be configured in a reverse manner of the signal processingprocedures 1010 to 1060 of FIG. 20 . For example, the wireless devices(e.g., 100 and 200 of FIG. 19 ) may receive radio signals from theexterior through the antenna ports/transceivers. The received radiosignals may be converted into baseband signals through signal restorers.To this end, the signal restorers may include frequency downlinkconverters, Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs), CP remover, and FastFourier Transform (FFT) modules. Next, the baseband signals may berestored to codewords through a resource demapping procedure, apostcoding procedure, a demodulation processor, and a descramblingprocedure. The codewords may be restored to original information blocksthrough decoding. Therefore, a signal processing circuit (notillustrated) for a reception signal may include signal restorers,resource demappers, a postcoder, demodulators, descramblers, anddecoders.

FIG. 21 shows another example of a wireless device, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may beimplemented in various forms according to a use-case/service (refer toFIG. 18 ).

Referring to FIG. 21 , wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond tothe wireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 19 and may be configured byvarious elements, components, units/portions, and/or modules. Forexample, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include acommunication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, andadditional components 140. The communication unit may include acommunication circuit 112 and transceiver(s) 114. For example, thecommunication circuit 112 may include the one or more processors 102 and202 and/or the one or more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 19 . Forexample, the transceiver(s) 114 may include the one or more transceivers106 and 206 and/or the one or more antennas 108 and 208 of FIG. 19 . Thecontrol unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit110, the memory 130, and the additional components 140 and controlsoverall operation of the wireless devices. For example, the control unit120 may control an electric/mechanical operation of the wireless devicebased on programs/code/commands/information stored in the memory unit130. The control unit 120 may transmit the information stored in thememory unit 130 to the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) viathe communication unit 110 through a wireless/wired interface or store,in the memory unit 130, information received through the wireless/wiredinterface from the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) via thecommunication unit 110.

The additional components 140 may be variously configured according totypes of wireless devices. For example, the additional components 140may include at least one of a power unit/battery, input/output (I/O)unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may beimplemented in the form of, without being limited to, the robot (100 aof FIG. 18 ), the vehicles (100 b-1 and 100 b-2 of FIG. 18 ), the XRdevice (100 c of FIG. 18 ), the hand-held device (100 d of FIG. 18 ),the home appliance (100 e of FIG. 18 ), the IoT device (100 f of FIG. 18), a digital broadcast terminal, a hologram device, a public safetydevice, an MTC device, a medicine device, a fintech device (or a financedevice), a security device, a climate/environment device, the AIserver/device (400 of FIG. 18 ), the BSs (200 of FIG. 18 ), a networknode, etc. The wireless device may be used in a mobile or fixed placeaccording to a use-example/service.

In FIG. 21 , the entirety of the various elements, components,units/portions, and/or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 maybe connected to each other through a wired interface or at least a partthereof may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110.For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the controlunit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be connected by wire and thecontrol unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelesslyconnected through the communication unit 110. Each element, component,unit/portion, and/or module within the wireless devices 100 and 200 mayfurther include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120may be configured by a set of one or more processors. As an example, thecontrol unit 120 may be configured by a set of a communication controlprocessor, an application processor, an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), agraphical processing unit, and a memory control processor. As anotherexample, the memory 130 may be configured by a Random Access Memory(RAM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM)), a flash memory,a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and/or a combination thereof.

Hereinafter, an example of implementing FIG. 21 will be described indetail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 22 shows a hand-held device, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The hand-held device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, awearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or a smartglasses), or a portablecomputer (e.g., a notebook). The hand-held device may be referred to asa mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station(MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or aWireless Terminal (WT).

Referring to FIG. 22 , a hand-held device 100 may include an antennaunit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit130, a power supply unit 140 a, an interface unit 140 b, and an I/O unit140 c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of thecommunication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130/140 a to 140 c correspond tothe blocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 21 , respectively.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., dataand control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. Thecontrol unit 120 may perform various operations by controllingconstituent elements of the hand-held device 100. The control unit 120may include an Application Processor (AP). The memory unit 130 may storedata/parameters/programs/code/commands needed to drive the hand-helddevice 100. The memory unit 130 may store input/output data/information.The power supply unit 140 a may supply power to the hand-held device 100and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. Theinterface unit 140 b may support connection of the hand-held device 100to other external devices. The interface unit 140 b may include variousports (e.g., an audio I/O port and a video I/O port) for connection withexternal devices. The I/O unit 140 c may input or output videoinformation/signals, audio information/signals, data, and/or informationinput by a user. The I/O unit 140 c may include a camera, a microphone,a user input unit, a display unit 140 d, a speaker, and/or a hapticmodule.

As an example, in the case of data communication, the I/O unit 140 c mayacquire information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, images, or video)input by a user and the acquired information/signals may be stored inthe memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 may convert theinformation/signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmitthe converted radio signals to other wireless devices directly or to aBS. The communication unit 110 may receive radio signals from otherwireless devices or the BS and then restore the received radio signalsinto original information/signals. The restored information/signals maybe stored in the memory unit 130 and may be output as various types(e.g., text, voice, images, video, or haptic) through the I/O unit 140c.

FIG. 23 shows a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle, based on an embodimentof the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may beimplemented by a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned/unmanned AerialVehicle (AV), a ship, etc.

Referring to FIG. 23 , a vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may includean antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, adriving unit 140 a, a power supply unit 140 b, a sensor unit 140 c, andan autonomous driving unit 140 d. The antenna unit 108 may be configuredas a part of the communication unit 110. The blocks 110/130/140 a to 140d correspond to the blocks 110/130/140 of FIG. 21 , respectively.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., dataand control signals) to and from external devices such as othervehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and road side units), and servers. The controlunit 120 may perform various operations by controlling elements of thevehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100. The control unit 120 may includean Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The driving unit 140 a may cause thevehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 to drive on a road. The drivingunit 140 a may include an engine, a motor, a powertrain, a wheel, abrake, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit 140 b may supplypower to the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 and include awired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit 140 cmay acquire a vehicle state, ambient environment information, userinformation, etc. The sensor unit 140 c may include an InertialMeasurement Unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, aspeed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, aposition module, a vehicle forward/backward sensor, a battery sensor, afuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, ahumidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illumination sensor, a pedalposition sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140 d may implementtechnology for maintaining a lane on which a vehicle is driving,technology for automatically adjusting speed, such as adaptive cruisecontrol, technology for autonomously driving along a determined path,technology for driving by automatically setting a path if a destinationis set, and the like.

For example, the communication unit 110 may receive map data, trafficinformation data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous drivingunit 140 d may generate an autonomous driving path and a driving planfrom the obtained data. The control unit 120 may control the drivingunit 140 a such that the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 may movealong the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g.,speed/direction control). In the middle of autonomous driving, thecommunication unit 110 may aperiodically/periodically acquire recenttraffic information data from the external server and acquiresurrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. In themiddle of autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140 c may obtain a vehiclestate and/or surrounding environment information. The autonomous drivingunit 140 d may update the autonomous driving path and the driving planbased on the newly obtained data/information. The communication unit 110may transfer information about a vehicle position, the autonomousdriving path, and/or the driving plan to the external server. Theexternal server may predict traffic information data using AItechnology, etc., based on the information collected from vehicles orautonomous vehicles and provide the predicted traffic information datato the vehicles or the autonomous vehicles.

Claims in the present description can be combined in a various way. Forinstance, technical features in method claims of the present descriptioncan be combined to be implemented or performed in an apparatus, andtechnical features in apparatus claims can be combined to be implementedor performed in a method. Further, technical features in method claim(s)and apparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed inan apparatus. Further, technical features in method claim(s) andapparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed in amethod.

1. A method for performing, by a first device, wireless communication,the method comprising: receiving a positioning request, from a seconddevice, including information related to positioning and at least onecandidate band, through a first band; determining a second band amongthe at least one candidate band, based on a value related to acommunication range centered on the first device and a number of devicespresent in each candidate band; transmitting a positioning response, tothe second device, including information related to the determinedsecond band, through the first band; and transmitting a firstpositioning reference signal (PRS), to the second device, through thesecond band based on the information related to the positioning.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the first band is an intelligent transportsystem (ITS) or a licensed band, and wherein the second band is anunlicensed band.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the second band isdetermined based on: within the communication range centered on thefirst device, a number of devices present in the second band being lessthan a threshold number; or within the communication range centered onthe first device, the number of devices present in the second band amongthe number of devices present in each candidate band of the at least onecandidate band being the smallest.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein agroup related to the positioning is formed based on the positioningresponse, and wherein the positioning is performed based on the grouprelated to the positioning.
 5. The method of claim 4, furthercomprising: receiving a group member identification (ID), from thesecond device, related to the first device in the group related to thepositioning, wherein based on the group member ID related to the firstdevice, the first PRS is: transmitted sequentially within the grouprelated to the positioning; or transmitted first in the group related tothe positioning.
 6. The method of claim 4, further comprising: sensing asecond PRS transmitted by a third device included in the group relatedto the positioning, wherein the first PRS is transmitted after thesecond PRS is sensed.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PRS istransmitted based on no PRS being received from the second device duringa PRS transmission time, and wherein the PRS transmission time isconfigured from the second device, configured from a network,pre-configured, or pre-defined.
 8. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: receiving a second PRS from the second device based on thesecond band, wherein the second PRS is received in a PRS transmissiontime, wherein the first PRS is transmitted after the second PRS isreceived, and wherein the PRS transmission time is configured by thesecond device, configured from a network, pre-configured, orpre-defined.
 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving asecond PRS from the second device based on the second band, wherein thefirst PRS is transmitted based on no PRS being received from the seconddevice during a PRS transmission time, and wherein the second PRS isreceived after the transmission of the first PRS.
 10. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the value related to the communication range centeredon the first device is configured from the second device.
 11. The methodof claim 1, further comprising: sensing a resource pool; and selecting aresource of the first PRS based on a result of the sensing, whereininformation related to the positioning includes information related tothe resource pool, and wherein the first PRS is transmitted based on theresource of the first PRS.
 12. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: receiving a measurement value related to the positioningfrom the second device.
 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving a second PRS from the second device based on the second band;and transmitting a measurement value related to the second PRS to thesecond device.
 14. A first device for performing wireless communication,the first device comprising: one or more memories storing instructions;one or more transceivers; and one or more processors connected to theone or more memories and the one or more transceivers, wherein the oneor more processors execute the instructions to: receive a positioningrequest, from a second device, including information related topositioning and at least one candidate band, through a first band;determine a second band among the at least one candidate band, based ona value related to a communication range centered on the first deviceand a number of devices present in each candidate band; transmit apositioning response, to the second device, including informationrelated to the determined second band, through the first band; andtransmit a first positioning reference signal (PRS), to the seconddevice, through the second band based on the information related to thepositioning.
 15. A device adapted to control a first user equipment(UE), the device comprising: one or more processors; and one or morememories operably connectable to the one or more processors and storinginstructions, wherein the one or more processors execute theinstructions to: receive a positioning request, from a second UE,including information related to positioning and at least one candidateband, through a first band; determine a second band among the at leastone candidate band, based on a value related to a communication rangecentered on the first UE and a number of UEs present in each candidateband; transmit a positioning response, to the second UE, includinginformation related to the determined second band, through the firstband; and transmit a first positioning reference signal (PRS), to thesecond UE, through the second band based on the information related tothe positioning. 16-20. (canceled)